Theoretical Orientation free essay sample

So as to compose this paper, the creator needed to consider two significant inquiries so as to decide the most proper hypothetical direction for her. To begin with, under what settings and explicit settings would the remedial procedure happen? Second, what does this specific customer need most so as to mend, to develop, to be protected with him/herself and with others, to endure less, to adapt all the more viably, and to carry on such that will shield the person in question from stumbling into difficulty? It is essential to take note of that there is a lot of exploration that shows that various treatments work best with various customers in regards to their degree of working, existing pathologies and their seriousness, the clients’ financial statuses (SES), and their social foundation. With the end goal of this paper and dependent on the responses to the inquiries recently expressed, the writer will compose from the point of view of a specialist who works in a clinical setting with customers that are to a great extent low to average working, are socially differing, and for the most part have a low SES, which implies that they have restricted time and assets to spend on their treatment. In light of the subsequent inquiry, the hypothesis that comes nearest to my perspective and fills in as an establishment for developing my hypothetical direction is the Cognitive Behavioral hypothesis. The creator will talk about CBT as her â€Å"go to† essential methodology as far as procedures, objectives, the advisor/customer relationship, and the benefits of the methodology. The fundamental ideas of Rogers’ individual focused methodology will be injected into the author’s practice as guaranteed, since customers are bound to help out the therapist’s subjective and conduct mediations, and most different intercessions besides, in the event that they feel the advisor is truly intrigued by their prosperity. Psychological Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Human nature Human creatures are equipped for change and are dependent upon determinants in their surroundings. Negative and off base reasoning examples lead to maladaptive practices that by one way or another have been strengthened through feelings. We as a whole have center conviction frameworks of patterns that are shaped at an early stage through since our soonest encounters. Present day experts of CBT have opened up better approaches for helping individuals by understanding that they are more than adapted machines, yet at the same time casualties or sponsors of the earth. Discernment and encountering when all is said in done are dynamic procedures which include both examined and contemplative information. The client’s contemplations speak to these encounters and their examination of the circumstance is commonly obvious in their discernments. These, thusly make up the people continuous flow, which mirrors the people design of himself, his reality, his past and future (Back, 1979). The Cognitive Behavioral point of view is fairly cynical of human instinct since it doesn't manage the cost of individuals the capacity to get well all alone, and now and again, for example, emotional wellness foundations, the CB specialist practices a considerable amount of authority over the patient and their condition. Perspective on wellbeing and pathology At the point when individuals have negative encounters in their lives, certain center convictions may result from that and these can prompt mental brokenness. Psychological vulnerabilities grow right off the bat in a people life and when these convictions are unbending, contrary, and instilled we are inclined to pathology (Beck, 1979). On account of the high achievement rates that CBT has had in regarding individuals with different pathologies just as increasingly regular issues that are less intricate yet by the by need consideration, CBT demonstrates its point: on the off chance that we can manage and comprehend our contemplations, our practices will follow and our feelings will become alright. With the correct apparatuses and appropriate molding, there are scarcely any issues that CBT can't right. There is by all accounts a CBT strategy for pretty much every event. As per CBT, pathology can introduce itself as a tricky or misshaped thinking process in the event that it is exceptionally cataclysmic, optimistic, outrageous, or befuddling. Contorted data handling can be, for instance, having fanatical musings. Different signs are aptitude shortages. Uneasiness is the significant reason for most conduct issue, yet tension can be molded to any upgrades, so it’s not really an awful thing. While rewarding customers, CBT is manifestation centered and recognizes their hidden forerunners while staying in the present. In psychopathology from a CBS perspective, there are deliberate inclinations toward specifically deciphering data in a specific way which are issue explicit. This can be an expected entanglement of CBT since it seems to treat the turmoil and less the entire individual. All things considered, science, feelings, conduct (and inspiration) impact our musings in an undeniable and precise manner that can frequently be anticipated. For instance, organic medicines, (for example, biofeedback) can change musings and CBT can change natural procedures also. This is particularly useful in stress the board. CBT has been exactly demonstrated as a viable treatment for rewarding different issue other than those that are tension based, for example, gloom and other temperament issue, marginal character issue, schizophrenia, PTSD, substance misuse, dietary issues, conjugal issues, and over the top impulsive issue. Note that a subjective conduct specialist isn't keen on etiology, but instead centers around the reasons that the difficult keeps on persevering. CBT methods have been stretched out to a bigger number of zones of human working than some other remedial methodology, making it helpful in an assortment of circumstances and customers, which is imperative to her given her work setting. Job appraisal CBT to some degree depends on evaluations. The advisor â€Å"takes the client’s temperature† and records the client’s mind-set. At that point customer and the specialist go over the schoolwork and survey where to go from that point in the wake of taking note of the client’s criticism. Different evaluations that measure feeling or character characteristics are not generally utilized in CBT. Certain assessments that measure subjective thinking are of incentive just as experimental and legitimate ones that can detectably gauge progress or relapse. To the extent the data accumulated, CB specialists need to realize some history to build up a benchmark of intellectual and social working, however don’t anticipate that them should dive extremely deep. Guiding objectives The remedial objective more or less is to utilize examples to modify states of mind and conduct of recognizing the maladaptive or twisted discernments that the customer has with however much curtness as could be expected. When the negative perspectives have been recognized, the advisor and her customer can work cooperatively towards supplanting them with new, increasingly viable ones that will incorporate the client’s personal satisfaction. CBT plans to arm customers with and munititions stockpile of devices like adapting abilities, psychological mindfulness, and down to earth â€Å"tips† to help the individual truly alter their perspective. The advising objectives depend from customer to customer and issue to issue, however in the author’s assessment, tending to prompt musings that can cause the customer of people around the person in question to act in maladaptive, perilous, and even destructive conduct is of principal significance. Specialist/customer jobs/works The conduct viewpoint is all the more appropriately an instructive involvement with which people are associated with a communitarian educating/learning process between the advisor and the customer, separately. The advisor is a psycho-instructor who is a functioning authority and a guide for the customer and his treatment plan. The customer must be a willing and dynamic member who screens their conduct, does the schoolwork as per the treatment plan, and furnishes the specialist with significant input. In this community oriented relationship, the objectives of treatment are straightforward. A significant element of CBT is the demystification of the treatment procedure. Both the customer and the specialist play a functioning job in observing the outcomes and viability of the treatment. In The CBT approach, customers are dynamic, educated, and answerable for the course of treatment since they are accomplices during the time spent recovering. In spite of the fact that having a warm and fluffy relationship with the customer is insignificant by and large, giving the customer a feeling of trust and believability is. Once more, the creator works with the supposition that each customer should be treated with positive and unqualified respect. Advising aptitudes/methods Out of various treatments that the writer has perused, it appears that the conduct treatments have the most to offer as far as guiding abilities and strategies. A portion of these procedures may incorporate biofeedback, self-instructional preparing, and stress the board abilities, care draws near, inner discoursed, just as shut and open-finished inquiries, to give some examples. Unlearning reactions occurs in and all through the restorative procedure and is frequently accomplished through desensitization, confidence preparing, pretending, and upgrade control. Socratic addressing or Socratic exchange is an idea wherein addressing is utilized to assist customers with reaching their own decisions about their considerations and practices. The creator accepts this is procedure is the most valuable as far as getting knowledge from the customer by permitting that person to see where their broken considerations, suppositions, practices, and feelings are occurring. It is significant that CB advisors proceed with their preparation and remain side by side of what new turns of events and medicines are continually being drilled. Along these lines, CBT is incredibly requesting on the advisor. Schoolwork assignments are a significant piece of CBT, permitting the customer to do a generous measure of restorative work by and by outside of the meeting. The schoolwork practices a

The Visible Light Spectrum :: Free Essay Writer

The Visible Light Spectrum â€Å"Mr. Petersuh-uh-uhn†¦. I need a white colored pencil for the white pieces of the map!†, my daughter’s cohort whimpers as she looks into her container of jumbled Crayons. â€Å"Don’t stress over shading those pieces of the guide. White isn’t a shading anyways†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , answers her 6th grade instructor. Oh dear. Serious mix-up! The whole class is currently in for an unrehearsed exercise in the properties of light and the noticeable range, civility of the offspring of a laser understudy. Special reward: raised egg-set out status toward previously mentioned youngster. â€Å"Excuse me, Mr. Petersen, yet I feel that I should address you on that. You are unfortunately misguided. My Mom says that white is the nearness of all shading and dark is no shading! Who cares about that?! Gee (Yes†¦my kid truly talks this way. She’s 10 and she skirted an evaluation level. She’s very talkative. I wonder where she gets it from? In any case, I digress†¦) The bothered Mr. Petersen flashes my kid a powerless grin and murmurs something with the impact of, †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦technically, Jacki, you are right. Simply leave the white parts clear and remain on task!† Shame, disgrace, disgrace. The teacher has quite recently failed on an all the way open door for learning and conversation. Never one to pass up on a chance to practice her psyche and start a conversation/intrigue her companions, my child proceeds to clarify the fundamental standards and properties of light and shading. This hastens an influx of â€Å"no way!† and â€Å"how’d you know?†s from the naturally inquisitive and doubly intrigued gathering of 6th graders. As she, in fits and chuckles (genuine 6th grade young lady design!), described the story to me, she re-iterated again and again that â€Å"most adults just don’t know ANYTHING!†. What's more, I pondered internally, â€Å"You know†¦we may know a great deal about certain things, yet she simply brought up one of the most mainstream misinterpretations that proliferates concerning light and the impression of color!†. White light isn't the nonappearance of all shading! Dark isn't the entirety of the hues all combined! (Recall second grade? When you came up short on dark pastel and just jotted the entirety of the rest of the hues together and got a sloppy earthy dim, best case scenario? Uh-uh†¦never works.) Hence, I have willingly volunteered to illuminate all of us â€Å"just don’t know ANYTHING† adults regarding the matter of shading and the noticeable range of light. The Visible Light Spectrum :: Free Essay Writer The Visible Light Spectrum â€Å"Mr. Petersuh-uh-uhn†¦. I need a white pastel for the white pieces of the map!†, my daughter’s cohort whimpers as she looks into her container of crisscrossed Crayons. â€Å"Don’t stress over shading those pieces of the guide. White isn’t a shading anyways†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , answers her 6th grade educator. Oh dear. Serious mix-up! The whole class is presently in for an off the cuff exercise in the properties of light and the obvious range, graciousness of the offspring of a laser understudy. Special reward: raised egg-set out status toward previously mentioned youngster. â€Å"Excuse me, Mr. Petersen, however I feel that I should address you on that. You are unfortunately misguided. My Mom says that white is the nearness of all shading and dark is no shading! Who cares about that?! Well (Yes†¦my kid truly talks this way. She’s 10 and she skirted an evaluation level. She’s very talkative. I wonder where she gets it from? Be that as it may, I digress†¦) The bothered Mr. Petersen flashes my kid a frail grin and mutters something with the impact of, †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦technically, Jacki, you are right. Simply leave the white parts clear and remain on task!† Shame, disgrace, disgrace. The educator has quite recently failed on an all the way open door for learning and conversation. Never one to pass up on a chance to practice her brain and start a conversation/intrigue her friends, my child proceeds to clarify the essential standards and properties of light and shading. This encourages an influx of â€Å"no way!† and â€Å"how’d you know?†s from the inalienably inquisitive and doubly dazzled gathering of 6th graders. As she, in fits and chuckles (genuine 6th grade young lady style!), described the story to me, she re-iterated again and again that â€Å"most adults just don’t know ANYTHING!†. Furthermore, I contemplated internally, â€Å"You know†¦we may know a ton about certain things, yet she simply called attention to one of the most well known misguided judgments that proliferates concerning light and the impression of color!†. White light isn't the nonattendance of all shading! Dark isn't the entirety of the hues all combined! (Recall second grade? When you came up short on dark pastel and just wrote the entirety of the rest of the hues together and got a sloppy caramel dim, best case scenario? Uh-uh†¦never works.) Subsequently, I have willingly volunteered to illuminate all of us â€Å"just don’t know ANYTHING† adults regarding the matter of shading and the obvious range of light.

Jean Kilbourne’s article “Jesus is a brand of jeans” Essay

The theory of Jean Kilbourne’s article â€Å"Jesus is a brand of jeans† is that everything on the planet is only a stuff to be devoured or to be utilized to sell individuals something, and changes peoples’ viewpoint. Connections, for instance, are utilized to sell individuals adornments for their friends and family. Different promotions exploit feelings to sell their items. Promotions make an atmosphere of skepticism. â€Å"Ad after advertisement portays our genuine lives as dull and customary, duty to people as something to be kept away from. † 2) Jean Kilbourne is tending to everybody who is likewise the crowd of advertisementsâ€that is, all of us. Kilbourne utilized specific promotions to demonstrate the proposal, and statements from master assessments. The technique is successful in demonstrating the point yet it stays to the individual peruser whether to put stock in such stuff or to simply excuse it as minor distrustfulness. 3) Jean Kilbourne has a sound contention. With the utilization of models, one really wanted to feel that promotions propose an idea that material things are more significant than humansâ€that peoples’ lives are dull and that their items are necessities to make life beneficial. Part III One section that I discovered fascinating in the Jean Kilbourne’s article â€Å"Cutting young ladies down to measure: The impact of the media on adolescent body image† is that almost 50% of the members in an investigation that was directed to decide the impacts of magazines on high school young ladies â€Å"reported a craving to free weight as a result of a picture in a magazine, however just 29% were really overweight. † This gives a rundown of what the article is about and demonstrates how generalizing from promotions could impact what one looks like at things, even by and by.

College Ranking Formula

College Ranking Formula February 21, 2013 Should the college ranking formula be tweaked? The Freakonomics guys, pals of Bevs son, have brought to our attention a paper authored by economists Christopher N. Avery, Mark E. Glickman, Caroline M. Hoxby, and Andrew Metrick that concerns the  college ranking  formula. In the abstract, as brought to our attention by Freakonomics.com, the authors propose ranking colleges not by the current variables employed by US News World Report but rather by student revealed preferences. In light of the recent admissions scandals at Claremont McKenna College and George Washington University, it might be a good idea to adjust the algorithm or at least provide safeguards to prevent deans of admission from fudging data. Maybe a school would get booted from the US News World Report rankings for several years like a ban from the NCAA to compete in post-season play. Anyhow, heres the abstract of the paper: When a student chooses a college among those that have admitted him, that college wins his tournament. Our method efficiently integrates the information from thousands of such tournaments. We implement the method using data from a national sample of high-achieving students. We demonstrate that this ranking method has strong theoretical properties, eliminating incentives for colleges to adopt strategic, inefficient admissions policies to improve their rankings. We also show empirically that our ranking is (1) not vulnerable to strategic manipulation; (2) similar regardless of whether we control for variables, such as net cost, that vary among a college’s admits; (3) similar regardless of whether we account for students selecting where to apply, including Early Decision. We exemplify multiple rankings for different types of students who have preferences that vary systematically. Do you think these changes should be implemented by US News World Report? Whats your opinion on the important US News World Report rankings? Let us know your thoughts on the matter by posting below!

What Does The Cambrian Explosion Tell Us About Evolution

The rapid diversification of most major living phyla in the fossil record known as ‘The Cambrian Explosion’ presents a challenge – even to those with limited understanding of evolution. With the acknowledgement of this ‘explosion’ comes the issue of how it occurred. The problem arises because this sudden burst of change is inconsistent with the typical thought of evolution resulting from gradual change over time – otherwise known as uniformitarian theory (Erwin, 2011). This inconsistency begs the question: What does the Cambrian explosion tell us about evolution? Are we simply missing information, and the process is indeed gradual – or did something unusual and fairly rapid happen in Cambrian? Knowledge of relationships between animals may allow us to deduce the answer: the two main branches of the animal tree are protostomes and deuterostomes, while the trunk of the tree includes sponges and cnidarians. The first appearance of these protostome and deuterostome groups is arguably in the Cambrian period – while arguments have been made for an earlier bilaterian, for instance the 555 million year old Kimberella, they are not persuasive – for reasons discussed later in this essay. We can assert that whatever was shared by two or more groups was likely to have been present in their last common ancestor. In this case, all members have bilateral organization in their life stages. Thus, the theory of the common ancestor of bilaterians – Urbilateria – arose (De Robertis Sasai,Show MoreRelatedThe Between Greek And Egyptian Civilizations1596 Words   |  7 Pagesseem as though an eternity has passed between now and 1945 for the centenarian, but even th e oldest amongst us would see the time between the foundation of the greek and egyptian civilizations as having a length much less than the 2500 years that separate the two. Two varieties of ancient hominids may seem to be virtually contemporaries, when they are in actuality over a million years of evolution removed from one another. Humans have many methods to describe large numbers mathematically. Ever sinceRead MoreThe Origin Of Life : Intelligent Design Vs. Materialistic Naturalism2359 Words   |  10 Pageshow did life begin? Is the universe the result of chaotic chance or intelligent design? How did life on earth come to be? These are some of the many questions scientist work hard to solve, but what does their research tell them? Let’s start with the well-recognized theory of evolution. Evolution, a theory made famous by Charles Darwin; is the process in which an organism changes over time via adaptation, mutation and gene isolation. According to an article by evolutionary biologist RichardRead MoreA Look at Prominent Worldviews1349 Words   |  6 Pages James W. Sire claimed that world view is â€Å"†¦a set of presuppositions†¦ which we hold†¦ about the makeup of our world.† As of me, my definition does not deviate much. World view is the way, either supported or unsupported, how I see what I see. It’s like glasses where I see everything through the filter of glasses. Supposedly, world view can affect one very much. The fact that Muslims goes to Mecca or Christians going to church every week or the mere choice between chocolate bar and ice cream are allRead MoreThe Big Bang Theory Of God s Word3237 Words   |  13 PagesAs we all grow up we tend to believe what we want to believe in. If God gave us a brain to think, would going ag ainst the Bible be wrong? We have all heard the complicated question, did God make the earth in six days or did evolution play a major part in the making of earth. Many people in the older days would be judge or even killed to even think this, but as science with factual evidence develope, we are start to fit all the missing pieces together. Although is factual evidence enough to flashRead MoreA Short History of Nearly Everything6112 Words   |  25 Pages2005 in the UK, selling over 300,000 copies.[1] instead describing general sciences such as chemistry, paleontology, astronomy, and particle physics. In it, he explores time from the Big Bang to the discovery of quantum mechanics, via evolution and geology. Bryson tells the story of science through the stories of the people who made the discoveries, such as Edwin Hubble, Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein. Background Bill Bryson wrote this book because he was dissatisfied with his scientific knowledgeRead MoreA Short History of Nearly Everything6112 Words   |  25 Pagesin the UK, selling over 300,000 copies.[1] instead describing general sciences such as chemistry, paleontology, astronomy, and particle physics. In it, he explores time from the Big Bang to the discovery of quantum mechanics, via evolution and geology. Bryson tells the story of science through the stories of the people who made the discoveries, such as Edwin Hubble, Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein. Background Bill Bryson wrote this book because he was dissatisfied with his scientific knowledgeRead MoreCreationism Vs. Evolution Essay2859 Words   |  12 PagesThe theory of evolution, as set forth by Charles Darwin in 1859, stated that all plant and animal life evolved over long periods of time from simple to more complicated forms through mutation and adaptation. He also taught that only the fittest of each species would survive. He further postulated that the first living cell evolved in a warm warm little pond and that it took billions of years for the present diversity of living things to evolve. At the time, it was thought that the few missingRead More Biblical Creationism versus Scientific Origin Essay example8399 Words   |  34 Pagesorigins. There are two reasons for this: firstly, there are those with a literal or semi-literal interpretation of the Bible (or other relevant holy book) who remain convinced that the world was created in the recent past looking more or less as it does today. Obviously, this issue must be resolved before the existence or nature of the deity can even begin to be discussed! Secondly, even those with the more common, nonliteral interpretation of the creation story often use arguments that arent valid

Criminal Law, Questions and Answers - 1284 Words

1 Introduction Restorative justice as a whole is not gaining support in South Africa as the majority of our country is in favour of the punitive system in order to combat the high levels of crime. However, there are several areas of criminal law that has received increasing support for restorative justice as opposed to our current system, such as when dealing with youth offenders. Despite the harsh criticism of restorative justice, it has received judicial recognition in a number of cases recently. 2 Punishment Punishment is one of the most important features of the criminal process. Regardless of which punishment theory is being used, one must always consider the following triad: 1. the seriousness of the crime, 2. the interests of society, and 3. the accused’s personal circumstances. It is also crucial to take the outrage of the public into account. Punishments should not only deter the individual from re-offending but should also deter like-minded people from committing the same offence. Sentences should always be humane and balanced. It is always imperative that the degree of punishment is in proportion to the crime that has been committed. 3 Absolute Theory The concept of the absolute theory is that the offender has a debt that (s)he has to pay towards society and punishment settles that debt. By being punished, the two scales of justice are balanced once again. According to this theory, punishment should express the community’s disapproval and revulsion of theShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Your Career Choice?1643 Words   |  7 Pages#1 - Question: What is your career choice? #1 - Answer: My set goal for the future is to become a District Attorney. Although, I am certainly considering working as a judge later on in my career. #2 - Question: Why have you chosen this particular area? #2 - Answer: I chose this career because it is my passion. I want to help people that cannot help themselves. I want to speak for the voiceless and do everything in my power to bring justice to victims and their loved ones. My personal life andRead MoreTheories Of Law And Justice761 Words   |  4 PagesTheories of law and justice answers the questions on how/ why in society a person behavior could be seen or handle as a criminal (Akers Sellers, 2009). Also the theory helps explain why a certain behavior is consider illegal and what punishment needs to be taken for that behavior/conduct. To answer these questions, the theory looks at the variables which are social, economic, and economic which has it affects on law and justice (Akers Sellers, 2009). For theories of crime and criminal behavior itRead MoreBusiness Ethics Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pages31: Constitutional, Contract, Criminal, Evidence, Property and Tort Law 32: List and explain Nash’s, Drucker’s, Buffet’s, Blanchards and Peale’s comprehensive approach for resolving ethical dilemma Drucker: â€Å"Above all do no harm.† Intentionally making decisions that will not do harm will encourage ethical decision-making. Buffet: front-page-of-the-paper test, it supports critical thinking to envision how the decision may look on the front page of a paper before making the final decision. Read MoreCase Analysis : Liberty University Essay1115 Words   |  5 PagesFebruary 5, 2016 Liberty University Abstract: When a law enforcement officer or other public employee is accused of potentially criminal conduct, they may face three different kinds of interviews or interrogations. If an officer is interviewed as a criminal suspect, they have the absolute right to decline to answer any questions, or to insist that they have a lawyer of their choosing to attend the interview. The first is type is during a criminal investigation; the second is during a disciplinary investigationRead MoreWhy Is Discrimination Within The United States Criminal Justice System1539 Words   |  7 PagesWhy is discrimination present in the United States criminal justice system? How is the system setup for people of color to fail? This social problem is interesting for many reasons. Many people believe that racism is still a key factor in today’s society. The justice system, which should stand for equality and peace, in reality does spread the public’s beliefs of racism and an unfair justice system. 74.0% of blacks do not agree that the justice system treats people fairly and equally(Hurwitz andRead MoreDo Law Enforcements Practice Racial Profiling983 Words   |  4 PagesDo Law Enforcements practice Racial Profiling in Street-Level Crime in the country? This inquiry persists to be the main deliberation by the experts, and it is the question that convoys the research. In â€Å"The Reality of Racial Profiling†, The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights shows absolute statistical report evidences from Department of Labor’s Bureau of Justice that proves the existence of Racial Profiling on the country’s highways. The year 2005 data resulted that Black and HispanicRead MoreMr. Smith And His Burglary Charges1143 Words   |  5 Pagesnot find evidence to convict the head mob bosses without giving immunity to a known killer. I understand witness-giving testimony for immunity, but not in this case. Murder is a felony and I believe he would have been convicted to the extant of the law. This is not the case to use for evidence against the mob bosses. Yes, he is high figure in the organization, but there are many other ways of going after the mob bosses without giving Jimmy immunity. Couldn’t Jimmy be used to gain more informationRead MoreThe Privilege Against Self Incrimination1591 Words   |  7 Pagesunder the commo n law initially. The common law rule was initially described as a rule that bounds no one to answer any question if it might expose him to any criminal charge or penalty in England and Wales. The history of the privilege against self-incrimination is one filled with contention and complication. Mclnerney divided PSI into three distinct sub-rights that are rather concise and well explained. 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Canadian Journal Of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 28(1), 27-35. The main purpose of this article was to investigate the effects of the death penalty and the justification for the punishment. A key question the authors looked to answer was whether or not the participants

Options and Opportunities in Indigenizing Curricula

Question: Discuss about the Options and Opportunities in Indigenizing Curricula. Answer: Introduction The famous Canadian writer Joseph Boyden is known for his to defend the aboriginal Canadian Identity in his works. In Turtle Island also the indigenous identity of the narrator is mentioned. In this story, the characteristic transformation of the eleven years old narrator has been revealed amidst the harsh reality of the gangs. It is the story of an eleven years old narrator, caught between the harsh world of the urban gangsters and the childlike affection for its brothers turtle pet, named Island. The narrator is insisted on going back to the rez, a reserved place for North American Indian where probably his mother stays. The narrator seems to come from a troublesome childhood where his mother is possibly a drug-addict, and there is no mention of his father. The whole story evidences the young boys arrogant nature and abusive language, used for everyone along with his deep hatred for the stingy turtle. In this essay, the characteristic transformation of this little narrator has been critically described to indicate his changing attitude to the turtle even amidst the harsh circumstances. Discussion The narrator works as a white powder' supplier for a gangster whom he addressed as Wolf. Among the troublesome situation when the cops are in search of providers of drugs along with the users, this boy is supposed to deliver the cigarette packet full of the powder to some Indians'. The mention of the term Indian' seems to be restricted to the legal sector in Canada, and its usage in other places is considered to be offensive (Arias, Rachel, et al.). At the time of placing the packet into his pocket, the boy is reminded of the existence of the turtle in his pocket which becomes as cold as ice. The boy begins to repent for the possible death of the poor turtle that has not done any wrong to him. He even begins to feel guilty for its death and also fears to face his brother, Francis who is the owner of this pet. The conscience of the narrator becomes so awakened that he starts to give the turtle warmth with both his hands in this pocket and try to feel the sensation of life by touching its little cold feet. The indigenous people are supposed to possess their cultural beliefs along with having a strong bond with their surrounding natural resources and environment (Ariss, Rachel, et al.). In Turtle Island, when the narrator gets stuck among a challenging situation when the cops brutally beat the Indians', the narrator chooses to save the life of the pet turtle. To protect himself, the narrator attempts to throw the cigarette packet away but takes the turtle out of his pocket instead. He discovers the beauty of the turtle which reflects ringed yellow, red, green and black rays in the sunlight. The process of characteristic transformation seems to be evidenced in the narrator from this moment. The narrator, a self-centered boy who used to find the turtle to be a nasty and stingy piece of waste, now starts to bring back the life into this little turtle, ignoring his harsh consequences shortly (Theglobeandmail.com). When the boy feels the presence of the cops behind him and discovers the ray of life in the turtle, he does not hesitate for a second to come out his hoodie, disclosing his identity to the cops. By pointing the turtle up, the boy expects help from the cops for saving the life of the turtle, forgetting about the existence of the packet in his pocket as now he regards the saving of the turtle's life more than saving his life. He deliberately chooses the life of a saviour, instead of saving his life like a coward. The indigenous nature of the narrator is clearly reflected in this transformation which seems to be his real self. Conclusion In this way, the transformational journey of the eleven years old boy from its selfish nature to the overwhelming exposure of humanity has been elaborated in Joseph Boydens story. At the beginning of the story, he claims himself to be a robust gangster who can take care of himself alone unlike his brother; but at the end of the story, he deliberately chooses to save the life of the turtle instead of saving his life. Through this process of characteristic evolution, he seems to regain his childlike innocence that he lacks due to his imperfect childhood. Reference list Ariss, Rachel, et al. "UOITs Role in Reconciliation: Options and Opportunities in Indigenizing Curricula." (2016) Theglobeandmail.com. "Stories For Summer: Turtle Island, By Joseph Boyden". The Globe And Mail, 2017, https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/books-and-media/stories-for-summer-turtle-island-by-joseph-boyden/article4259378/

Out of Body Experiences Speech free essay sample

Do you ever feel as if you’re watching the World the same way you watch tv, that’s what an out of body experience is like. Today we are going to discuss what an out of body experience is, how they are believed to occur, and in labs how are they being tested. An out of body experience is when you watch the world from a location outside of your body. During this you can see your body and the way you behave, yet you aren’t controlling your movements. It is said that at least 5 to 35 people out of 100 experience this sometime in their life. British psychologist, Susan Blackmore, says the experience has many similarities as dreaming and very close relations with lucid dreaming. According to PHD Stephan LaBerge in his book, Nightlight, they are, â€Å"The human consciousness separating from the human body and traveling in a discorporate form in the physical world. We will write a custom essay sample on Out of Body Experiences Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Another popular belief is that these are also hallucinations, but if that were true how would all the same people have the same delusion? Now that we’ve discussed what they are let’s move on to how they happen. These experiences are believed to have a connection with mind altering events. Such as traumatic events, drug use, or dehydration; still that isn’t the case 100% of the time. The majority of the people experiencing these also had neuroelectrical abnormalities, which is any disorder with the body’s nervous system. It distorts the brains ability to process information. Even though they were first heard of in the early 1940’s yet scientists still have no concrete explanation for it. Many experiments have been performed in explaining these experiences, Time Magazine explains how these lab controlled experiments take place. They hook up a video camera to a pair of goggles, the camera shows the subject what is going on behind them so they are able to have a view of their own backs. A scientist taps the Now that we have went over what out of body experiences are, how they occur, and how they are being test; the real question is, do you this these people are out of their minds, or out of their bodies?

Chemistry and Element Jokes and Puns

Chemistry and Element Jokes and Puns You dont hear a lot of jokes, puns, or riddles in physics and biology, but chemistry is full of them. Here is a collection of reader-submitted chemistry jokes and puns. Some of them are groaners, but some are quite funny. Two guys walk into a restaurant. One guy says I would like some H2O. The other guy says I would like some H2O too (H2O2). The waiter delivers the drinks and the second guy dies after imbibing his. (H2O is water, while H2O2 is hydrogen peroxide.) I told a chemistry joke... There was no reaction.Why are helium, curium, and barium the three main medical elements? If you cant curium or helium, you barium!Are you  hydrogen? Why? Because I cant live without you.Are you 11 protons? Cause you are sodium fine.What did the chemist say to motivate his team? We ARGON to BARIUM.What dont you understand about copper? It makes perfect CENTS!A good way to remember gold is Au gimme that gold.What do you do with a dead scientist? You barium. Thats if you cant helium or curium.A wrestler holding down an opponent may have a NEON him.Two chemists walk into a bar, the first says I will have some H2O and the second one says I will have some H2O too and the second one dies! Hahaha (get it... H2O2 is hydrogen peroxide and you cant drink it or you will die)What happened to the chemist in the cave - Berkelium (bear kill him)Hey want to hear a joke about potassium?... KYou must be ethidium bromide, because Im tangled in your double helix.Are you made out of beryllium, ununtrium, and titanium ? Cause youre a BeUTi ( beauty) Do particles with multiple helium isotopes have mass? Only the Catholic ones!Are you feeling under the weather today? Because you look like youre Na fine.Sooo I was gonna tell you a joke about sodium and hydrogen......but NaH.So an atom walks into a bar with a gun and the bartender says Who are you and what do you want? to which the atom replies The names Bond, Ionic Bond, and I want an electron taken, not shared.What do you do to dead elements? You barium.I was looking for sodium on the periodic table, but then it told me it was not available!  (Na)What do you say when: oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, sodium and phosphorous walk into a bar? OH SNaP!Knock Knock, Whos There? Beryl.  Beryl who?  Beryl and LiumAre you made of fluorine, iodine, and neon? Because youre so fine! F is fluorine, I is iodine, and Ne is the element symbol for neon.What did the chemist do when he cut his leg? He put his neon (knee on) a table to bandage it up.Chemistry jokes are sodium funny! Hah... say it out loud. sodium sodium sodium sodium sodium sodium sodium sodium BATMAN!Argon walks into a bar. Bar man says, We dont serve noble gases. Argon doesnt react. (Noble gases are unreactive.)I am a superhero Fe Iron Male man Therefore I am iron man.What is the elements favorite carnival ride? The Ferrous Wheel, of course!Forget hydrogen youre my number one element.When someone I dont like asks me to hang out I tell them sodium hydrogen. (NaH)Did you hear Oxygen and Potassium went on a date? Yeah, it went OK. (O is the symbol for oxygen, while K is the symbol for potassium.)Did you hear that Oxygen and Magnesium hooked up last night? OMgAre you a mixture of Fluoride, Iodine, and Nitrogen cause you are fine.You wanna hear a joke about potassium?.......K ?  You wanna hear a joke about sodium?.......Na You wanna hear a joke about silicon?........Si  You wanna hear a joke about nitrogen and oxygen?.......NO You wanna hear a joke about tungsten?........WTeacher: Do you know your elements? Student: y eah, maybe... Teacher: isotope so. Are you made of copper and tellurium Because youre pretty CuTe!Q: Why does helium laugh so much? A: Because it goes HeHe (Which is actually a pretty poor joke because helium is monatomic.)Chemist 1: do you have any sodium bromate? Chemist 2: NaBrOWhat does a metal miner write home in a letter to his girlfriend? I am zincing of you all the time!What does Uranium, Nickel, Cobalt, and Radon spell? UNiCoRn!Guys, stop it with the puns. Weve all sulfured enough.My jokes are kinda boron.. but a lot of the good ones argon. Id pay a nickel to hear another joke. These are comedy gold.I was going to tell a periodic table joke but all them argon.They were standing in their yards. Pop the Cd In neighbor!Come on guys, these chemistry jokes are getting a bit boron.Q: What did the chemist say when he found two isotopes of Helium? A: HeHeWhat do you say when someone takes your gold watch? Au come back with my watch!What did the elements say to hydrogen? What a loner!Billy was a chemists son but now h e is no more. What he thought was H2O was H2SO4! Q: What did one ion say to another? A: Ive got my ion you.My dog died so I had to barium.Protons have mass? I didnt know they were Catholic?Youre so boron Im going to go find a krypton to barium in.A neutron went to buy a drink. He asked the employee how much it is. Employee: For you, no charge! Proton 1: Hey, that man just got a free drink! Proton 2: Are you sure? Proton 1: Im positive!Obama is giving his speech. Joe Wilson says: U Li!!This joke is sodium good. (You have to hear it to get it.)How did the boss speak to the very lazy employee? Fermium, of course!What do you get when you mix helium with steel? flying carsA teacher asks their class what the molecular formula for water is. A student replies HijklmnO. The teacher says no youre wrong. Then the student says didnt you say the formula was H to OAll the elements are sitting at the dinner table and neon says Helium dont eat too much! Youre gonna get fat! Helium says No Im not, Im the second lightest here!First person: Do I hav e a joke on sodium Answer: Na What element did the dinosaurs say killed them? ArgonJoke: what does the chemist tell his friends when he goes into an eatery? When I go into a restaurant, iodine.What is uranium fluorine oxygen? Answer: UFOWe should just find all the bad chemistry jokes and just barium.Teacher: Whats the molecular formula of water? Student: HIJKLMNO Teacher: No, thats wrong. Student: But didnt you say water is H to O?Carbon was saying to oxygen hey did you hear about the new phone company O2? And then oxygen said yeah they named it after me. HAHAHAHAHelium walks into a store and asks for his nickel but the manager said, Your brother? Get it? They are both on the periodic table!1st Person: Do you like Iron man, coz I do! 2nd Person: No, he just a big Fe Male!What is a house cats favorite chemical compound? MoUSeI would tell you a good element joke, but they ARGON!!!What do you call iron blowing in the breeze? FebreezeSilicon jokes: Q: Is silicon the same in Spanish? | A: SiQ.Why do chems call Heliu m, Curium and Barium, phenetical elements? A. coz if you cant Helium or Curium, YOU BARIUM Person 1: Does anyone know any good jokes about sodium? Person 2: Na  Anyone know any sodium, bromine, or Oxygen jokes? Na BrOChemistry jokes are sodium funny. Hahahahahaahaha  Argon walks into a bar, the bartender says We dont serve nobles gasses here. Argon doesnt react.Lets head on down to the cemetery and get our Krypton.Ii would say a good chem joke but all the good ones ARGONDid you hear? Oxygen and magnesium got together OMg!!Why did the scientist want carbon, Arsenic, and Hydrogen? It makes CAsHSo some helium walks into the bar and says lets Barium!!! everyone screamed. why are you screaming? Asked helium  Cause you want to bury um!!A man walks into a bar and asks for H2O then a 2nd man comes in and asks for H2O too. The second man died. (The 2nd man asked for H2O2, which is liquid poison.)A neutron walks into a bar and says How much for a beer? The barman says For you NO CHARGE  Q: If H2O is the formula for ice, what is the formula for ice? A: H2O cubed.These element jokes are so dead, we should barium. Hydrogen and Oxygen walk into a bar and see Gold... they say Au, get outta the bar!Q: What did the copper say to the steel-er? A: CesiumWhat does a good doctor do for his patients? HeliumWhats the best formula for breakfast? Barium, Cobalt, and Nitrogen (BaCoN)What did the bar-tender say when Oxygen, Hydrogen, Sulfur, Sodium, and Phosphorus walked into his bar? OH SNaP!What song starts with Oxygen Hydrogen Sodium Sodium? Oh Na Na, whats my name.A proton and a neutron are walking down the street. The proton says, Wait, I dropped an electron help me look for it. The neutron says Are you sure? The proton replies Im positive.So one guy says to another Wanna hear a potassium joke? KWhat did two scientists do when their test subject died? BariumWhat animal do you get when you take out the T, A and I in the word Potassium. Possum.If Fe is Iron, then does that mean that a Female is Iron Man?Sodium Bromate Joke: Want some sodium bromate? Na BrO!I would tell you a chemistry joke but all the go od ones Argon! Want me to tell a potassium joke? K.... Will you accept a sodium joke? Na, im fineI dont want to tell jokes in class because I might get NO REACTIONWhat do tomb robbers do to pyramids? -Radium What did the king say to the guard when the prisoner escaped? -Cesium!Susan was in chemistry. Susan is no more, for what she thought was H2O was H2SO4How did Arsenals become a strong club in English premier league? Because they are bronzed with Arsenic.What will happen if you get into water and cant zwim? Zinc!What sharp object do you get when you combine potassium, nickel, and iron? KNiFeCarbon! - The happy Frenchmans opinion after buying his new automobile.When my wealthy old aunt passed away I got all the antimony!Whats the name of the element that comes after nine? TinWhats the first thing a teenager does after school? Radon food in the fridgeWhat did the cowboy do with his horse? Rhodium Where did he do it? Holmium on the RangeWhat do you do with a dead chemist? Barium. (Explanation: bury em, bury them sounds like barium) Zinc Element Joke: Where do you put dirty dishes? In the zinc.

Systematic Review on Is the Effect of Physical Activity on Cognitive Research Paper

Systematic Review on Is the Effect of Physical Activity on Cognitive Function a Risk Factor for alzheimer's in Older Adults - Research Paper Example The risk of suffering from Alzheimer disease is evidently higher among adults suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment with lack of frequent physical exercise. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the published literature from peer articles on Alzheimer disease in Older Adults. Precisely, the paper will explore the question: Is the Effect of Physical Activity on Cognitive Function a Risk Factor for Alzheimer in Adults? The risk factor is anything that affects possibility of a person in getting an illness, in this case Alzheimer in Adults. However, being exposed to a risk factor does not necessarily mean that a person will be affected by a specific disease. A risk factor in this case alludes to the probability of one getting harmed due to the level of exposure. It can also allude to the likelihood that an individual is harmed due to the level of exposure to a hazardous condition. Physical activity has been cited by many health researchers as one way of keeping one healthy; some research in regard to mental functioning have also asserted that the proper functioning of various aspects of the brain can be facilitated with performing ph ysical exercises. With regard to Alzheimer in Adults, various results from researchers have indicated that physical activity on cognitive function a risk Factor for Alzheimer in Adults. Relevant peer articles have been used in support of these results. In order to conduct this research a variety of eight peer reviewed journals addressing issues ascribed to the relationship between physical activities, cognitive functioning and Alzheimer disease were explored. They basically provide information regarding the specific research question addressed herein. The content of these articles include past researches that have been undertaken to determine of lack of physical exercise could be a cognitive risk factor to Alzheimer. Important information was extracted from the article in order to

Parents Role in Our Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Parents Role in Our Life - Essay Example It is on the basis of these points of view that early American kindergartens normally involved parents in nursery activities including participation in clubs inside the school. (Grolier Encyclopedia of Knowledge [1999] [Vol.15 p.202], United States of America; Grolier, Inc.) In the literary memoir "In this Boy's Life", the arguments that support parental persuasions in the upbringing of a child are clearly evident. The son (Toby who later on became Jack) is bitter because the mother is bitter. There is hatred in the heart of the young because there is hatred in the heart of the old. And as far as concerning the father who left the home, the abandonment had created a strong rebellion inside the forsaken son. This went to the extent of a change of name to forget the runaway parent. Going back to the mother who resorted to finding some luck in quick solutions to get rich possibly in retaliation to what her estranged husband did, the son was there overly eager to help the isolated and lonely mama. This is validated by the child's account of his fondness toward the mother when he recalled that "for the rest of the day, she kept looking over at me, touching me, brushing back my hair" (Wolff 4) and of his sharing in her dreams when he observed that he "was caught up in my mother's freedom, her delight in her freedom, her dreams of transformation" (Wolff 5). Another man later came into the life of Jack's mother. But while the stepfather gave some comfort and company to the duo, the young boy was not totally convinced to believe in the offered help of the stranger. The journey about the mother and son hopping from place to place also demonstrated the negative effects of the unstable pursuits. We later see the son himself without firm convictions and controlled personal dispositions. In his juvenile years, he pretended to be obedient but he was not. He pretended to be a fine gentleman yet he was rough. His attempts were shown by the multi-paged letters which he sent to a pen friend. The number of pages only meant how much he yearned to prove to the world that he was not what he actually was. He pretended to be a rich fellow or tried to be so. When he did this, he was just actually following into the footsteps of his poor mother who tried to do all the best she could, bad or good, to give herself and her son a certain level of success. Unfortunately, everything was in vain. In sum, children become what they are on the foundations that were inculcated into their minds during the early stages of life. At this period, whatever observations impressed on the youth will leave lasting marks. Toby or Jack in the story, for example, was told by his mother of tales of fame and wealth in her own childhood. As he grew, the son became obsessed by the imagination of affluence or the ambition to gain fortune, no matter how to. The imprint on the youthful mind almost always comes from the parents. This is logically so because of the physical association that starts from birth. Except in unusual cases like adoption, the bonding of parent and child is solidly built and developed in the passing of time. In the case of Jack, he stayed on with his mother, although this did not appear to be his own choice. Their day-to-day encounters were thus inevitably present, in sad or happy moments and under great challenges or

Visual Aids for Language Teaching Essay Example for Free

Visual Aids for Language Teaching Essay The use of visual aids is important if a teacher really wants to do a great job, have more attractive classes and get better results from their students. Those aids are: the television which is entertaining and a good way for teaching, the radio a powerful appliance for improving the listening area, computers as a useful tool to study, and the video bins that make classes different, softly and let students to play and review the knowledge acquired. The television is a good way for teaching, the use of it makes the class more entertaining and it has different choices that teachers have successful classes. Teachers can use the television to watch t. v programs when they need to teach vocabulary. Films are also a good option especially because you can use the subtitles, so the students will listen and read everything in the movie. Teachers also have the choice to watch news and soap operas with them, in this way they will bolster listening, vocabulary, idioms, and so on. Television offers many channels and things we as teachers have the opportunity to include in our classes making it different. Another significant item teacher use in class is the radio. This appliance is very powerful if you want to see your students learn faster and improve their listening area. Playing music during classes make students to have a better hearing condition for English. Most teachers use their cd’s or USB where they have listening activities and some songs in order to help students learn songs, vocabulary and also analyze lyrics. In addition, we can use the radio programs to work on listening converting it in a dynamic method for the lesson. This aid allows teachers take advantage from it so as to create a garish environment. Nowadays, technology is very important because it is part of our life; computers have become a useful tool for students as they are perfect for study wherever you want and at any time. Students can prepare documents like homework, extra class works, essays, and many others papers for their classes at the same time they step up their written skills. By using the computer they have the chance to use internet; here they can work on their listening, speaking and reading skills. The internet provides multiple web sites, in which they can study, do exercises, read books, practice the pronunciation, and watch online movies and series where learners must listen to understand. Documentaries are also part of internet but they can rent it as well and watch it on the computer; in this form they will learn about a specific topic and listen to new vocabulary. Moreover, they can prepare power point presentations for expositions to make them more striking and cool. This equipment has facilitated people life and it is part of our daily routine; so that’s why teenagers love it and use it as many time as they can without omitting how helpful it is for them when they need to study. Furthermore, we have the famous video bins, which are very useful in our classes. It is now a great aid that teachers like to use because it makes your class different and softly. In addition to that, video bin is a good option if you want your students to play and review knowledge. Professors can present diagrams to explain new subjects, ppt presentations, videos related with those topics, and also photos that help students memorize the new words. Additionally, in those ppt presentations you as a teacher may include some games for your class, for example: who wants to be millionaire, jeopardy, educational torch, trivia, sing the song (karaoke), etc. Video bins are the latest visual aid use in class by teachers for the purpose of increase the quality of the lessons, given them another way to show/ explain students what they need to learn according to their plan. The use of aids such as television, radio, computer and video bin transforms our classes in an amusement place where students raise their knowledge and teachers get better outcomes from them. These items help to teach, learn, study, play and review awareness in a different and successful manner. Students will find the lessons enjoyable, funny, easier, dynamic, more relaxing and meaningful. Teachers are going to see the excellent grades from the learners and the desires from students to learn everyday more and more.

When Worlds Collide Essay -- Culture Anglo Saxon Essays

When Worlds Collide The world of Beowulf and that of modern America have some interesting similarities. The Anglo- Saxon belief in "wyrd," or fate, is alive and well in the 21st century. Like the Anglo- Saxons, our culture regards the crime of killing one’s own kin or family to be the most heinous of all. Americans love entertainment just as much as the Anglo- Saxons of Beowulf’s time did. Of course, with our modern technology like movies, television, and the Internet, we are allowed to experience many more methods of enjoyment than medieval people were able to enjoy. However, their culture is remembered through portions of our popular culture. Within its pages, Beowulf contains the notion of â€Å"wyrd.â€Å" This is the Anglo- Saxon concept of fate, the idea that everything is destined or planned to happen. The Anglo- Saxon people believed that everything was predetermined and that all their fates were already fixed. Beowulf says to Unferth that â€Å"Fate often saves an undoomed man when his courage is good,†(p.12) meaning that fate may save a warrior if he has true courage. In modern- day America, this idea of fate is similar to the idea of having ‘an angel on your shoulder.’ Many of the people who survived the September 11th tragedy did so by missing their train that day or getting struck in traffic. One gentleman who worked high up in the first tower surfed down twelve flights of stairs as the building collapsed and survived with only a broken leg. Some believe that it was just chance or a random thing, but many believe that it was fate that saved them, the idea being that some other force had pl ans for these people and that their time on this earth was not yet over. In Beowulf’s time, the w... ... Lord of the Rings, originally a trilogy of books written by J.R.R. Tolkien, pays respect to the ancient culture and ways of the Norse people, with their traditions of oral story telling and epic quests embedded within the story’s plot. These similarities show where some of our roots as Americans come from. Our culture is a massive patchwork quilt of various cultures and ethnicity. There are strong strains of this ancient culture running through our modern society. Beowulf is only one example of the Anglo- Saxon literature we possess today, but from it, we obtain more of what their culture was and we keep some these values alive in our own ways. Works Cited Associated Press. â€Å"Doctor: Yates felt she had no choice.† http://www.msnbc.com/news/709713.asp 5 March 2002. Howe, Nicholas ed. Beowulf: A Prose Translation. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2002.

Toward the Modern Consciousness

Application of Darning's principle of organic evolution= social Darwinism most popular exponent of social Darwinism, Herbert Spencer, argued that societies were organisms that evolved through time from a struggle with their environment Darning's ideas applied to human society in an even more radical way by rabid nationalists and racists extreme nationalists argued that nations were in a â€Å"struggle for existence† German general Frederica von Bernhard argued: War is a biological necessity of the first importance, â€Å"War is the father of all things† Nationalist Association of Italy declared â€Å"we must teach Italy the value of international struggle. But international struggle is war? Well, then, let there be war! And nationalism will arouse the will for a strengthened More dangerous than in Germany Folk ( nation, people, or race) German foolish ideology, Houston Stewart Charmingly, became a German citizen.His book The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century, were the only pure successors of the â€Å"Aryans† who were portrayed as the true and original creators of Western culture Aryan race, under German leadership, must be prepared to fight for Western Civilization and save it from the destructive assaults of such lower races such as Jews, Negroes, and Orientals Jews singled out by German foolish nationalists as the racial enemy The Attack on Christianity and the Response of the Churches Industrialization and arbitration had an especially adverse effect on religious institutions Mass migration= change from the close- knit, traditional ties of the village in which the church had been a key force to new urban patterns of social life from which the churches were often excluded. Lattice movements also hostile to the established Christian churches predominantly Catholic countries imposed control over church courts, religious orders, and appointments of the clergy failure of evolutions, governments were eager to use the churches' aid in ree stablishing order close union of state authorities with established churches produced a backlash in the form of anticlericalism, especially in the liberal nation-states French republican government substituted civic training for religious instruction Toto undermine the Catholic church's control of education Catholic teaching orders were outlawed, church and state were completely separated Science became one of the chief threats to all the Christian churches Europeans seem to contradict the doctrine of divine reaction, seeking to suppress Darning's books & to forbid the teaching of the evolutionary hypothesis, the churches often caused even more educated people to reject established religions biblical scholars to apply critical principles to the Bible, leading to the so- called higher criticism Ernst Reran, French Catholic, Life of Jesus- questioned the historical accuracy of the Bible, Jesus not as the son of God but as a human being whose value lay in the example he provided by his life Christian churches rejection of modern ideas and forces Protestant fundamentalist sects maintain a literal interpretation of the Bible Pope Pips ‘X, also took a rigid stand against modern ideas, issued a papal encyclical called the Syllabus of Errors in which he stated that is â€Å"an error to believe that the Roman Pontiff can and ought to reconcile himself to and agree with progress, liberalism, and modern civilization† He condemned nationalism, socialism, religious toleration, and freedom of speech and press Religious movement called Modernism included an attempt by the churches the reinterpret Christianity in the light of new developments.Bible as a book of useful moral ideas, encouraged Christians to come involved in social reforms, churches must provide a greater sense of community Catholic church condemned Modernism & had driven it underground compromise Leo XIII, permitted the teaching of evolution as a hypothesis in Catholic schools encyclical De Rerun N ouveau, upheld the individual's right to private property but at the same time criticized â€Å"naked† capitalism for the poverty and degradation in which anti-religious foundations Salvation Army by William Booth, the army's first â€Å"general† Salvation Army established food centers, shelters, and â€Å"rescue homes† for women The Culture of Modernity revolution in physics and psychology was paralleled by a revolution in literature and the arts Naturalism and Symbolism in Literature literature was dominated by Naturalism material world as real and felt that literature should be realistic social problems, writers could contribute to an objective understanding of the world Naturalism was a continuation of Realism, it lacked the underlying note of liberal optimism about people and society Naturalists were pessimistic about Rupee's future and characters caught in the grip of forces beyond their control Emilee Kola provide a good example of NaturalismKola showed h ow alcoholism and different environments affected people's lives Darning's Origin of Species and had been impressed by its emphasis on the struggle for survival and the importance of environment and heredity His Oregon- McCarty, a 20- Volume series on the â€Å"natural and social history of a family† golden age for Russian literature Leo Tolstoy and Food Dostoevsky Tolstoy greatest work was War and Peace, lengthy novel played out against the historical background of Napoleon's invasion of Russia, realistic in its vivid description of military life and character portrayal, each person analyzed psychologically, face of fife's enduring values of human love and trust Dostoevsky combined narrative skill and acute psychological and moral observation, major problem of his age was a loss of spiritual belief, attempting to gain salvation through the construction of a materialistic paradise built only by human reason and will. Feared that the failure to incorporate spirit would result in total tyranny. Through suffering and faith could the human soul be purified, Crime and Punishment and The Brothers Karamazov. Symbolists reacted against Realism interested in writing poetry, believed that an objective knowledge of the world was impossible the external world was not real but only a collection of symbols that reflected the true reality of the individual human mind Art should function for its own sake, instead of serving, criticizing, or seeking to understand society W. B.Yeats and Rainier Maria Rile, poetry ceased to be part of popular culture because only through a knowledge of the poet's personal language could one hope to understand what the poem was saying Modernism in the Arts artists seeking new form of expression Impressionism, movement that originated in France when a group of artists rejected he studios and museums and went out into the countryside to paint nature directly Camille Pissarro, one of the founders, put into painting their impressions of the ch anging effects of light on objects in nature Claude Monet, enchanted with water , capture the interplay of light, water, and atmosphere, ESPECIALLY evident in Impression, Sunrise. Did not Just paint scenes from nature: streets, cabarets, rivers, and busy boulevards- wherever people congregated for work and leisure Berth Morison, practice of women beings only amateur artists and became a professional omen had special vision, â€Å"more delicate than that of of men†.Young Girl by the Window demonstrates flowing brush strokes. â€Å"l know I'm worth as much as they. † Post- Impressionism arose in France retained the Impressionist emphasis on light and color but revolutionized it even further by paying more attention to structure and form sought to use both color and line to express inner feelings and produce a personal statement of reality rather than an imitation of objects real beginnings of modern art sense of realism Paul C ©Zane, most important impressionist, Woman with Coffee Pot, sought to express visually the underlying geometric structure and form of everything he painted. â€Å"You must see in nature the cylinder, the sphere, and the cone. Tortured and tragic figure, Vincent Van Gogh, art was a spiritual experience interested in color and believed it could act as its own form of language artists should paint what they feel, evident in Starry Night task of art was to represent â€Å"reality† had lost much of its meaning psychology and the new physics made it evident that many people were not sure what constituted reality development of photography gave artists another season to reject visual realism photography became a popular and widespread after George Eastman produced the first Kodak camera for the mass market Unlike the camera, which could only mirror reality, artists could create reality As in literature, individual consciousness became the source of meaning the search for individual expression produced a wide variety of sch ools of painting Pablo Picasso, from Spain but settled in Paris, extremely flexible and painted in a remarkable variety of styles He developed Cubism that used geometric designs as visual stimuli to re- create laity in the viewer's mind Picasso work Less Demolishes d' Avignon= first Cubist painting Russian who worked in Germany, Wassail Sandbanks, one of the founders of abstract painting as is evident in Painting with White Border, sought to avoid representation altogether.Believed art should speak directly to the soul, avoid any visual reality and concentrate on color Modernism in music Romantics' attraction to exotic and primitive cultures had sparked attraction to exotic and primitive cultures folk music became increasingly important as musicians express their national identities Scandinavian composer, Advanced Grief, dedicated porter of Norwegian nationalism, expressed nationalism in lyric melodies found in folk music of his homeland, Peer Gent Suite= incidental music to a play by Henries Ibsen Impressionist music stressed elusive moods and haunting sensations and is distinct in its delicate beauty and elegance of sound linked to the Impressionist movement was Claude Debussy, Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun= inspired by a poem â€Å"Afternoon of a Faun† composed by his friend/poet SST ©phone Mallard ©, recreated in sound the overall feeling of the poem Other composers adopted stylistic idioms, primitive forms in an attempt to express less refined and therefore more genuine feelings musical primitivism was Igor Stravinsky, 20th century's most important composer international fame as a ballet composer with the Ballet Reuse, under the direction of Sergei Dishevel, revolutionized the world of music with a series of ballets The Fired, Puppeteers, The Rite of Spring= all based on Russian folk tales The Rite of Spring proved to be a revolutionary piece in the development of Paris audience and caused a riot at the theater new understanding of irratio nal forces

Word Pronunciation Hard and Soft C and G Sounds

In English, there are two different sounds for the consonants  c and g. A hard g sounds almost like a k, as in the words great, good, and pig. A soft g sounds more like a j,  as in the words  large, general, and giant. By contrast, a  hard c sounds like a k, as in the words cup, class, and fact. A soft c sounds like an s as in city, receive, and cell. Simple rules can help to determine whether the pronunciation of these consonants should be hard or soft. Hard and Soft Pronunciation The two consonant letters c and g can be pronounced with both hard and soft sounds. It can be helpful, before reviewing pronunciation rules, to look at exactly how these sounds are enunciated with cs and gs as well as with other consonants. In general, a hard sound is like a click. Its a single sound made with one breath, as in: Keep, day, play, garage A soft sound is a long sound made with a continuing breath, as in: Jeep, shine, check, zebra General Rules The pronunciation of c and g generally—but not always—depends upon the letter following these consonants, as per the following rules: If the following letter is e or y, the pronunciation is soft.If the following letter is anything else—including a space—the pronunciation is hard.A soft c is pronounced s as in cell, city, decision, receive, license, distance, recently, pronounce, juicy, and cylinder.A hard c is pronounced k’ as in call, correct, cup, cross, class, rescue, fact, public, panic, and ache.A soft g is pronounced j as in general, giant, gymnastic, large, energy, intelligible, and changing.A hard g is pronounced g as in golf, pig, running, great, gum, fragrant, grasp, glut, and progress. Words Including Both Hard and Soft Sounds Complicating matters, there are a few words that include both hard and soft sounds. Some examples include: Success, circulate, clearanceBicycle, vacancy, garageGauge, geography, gigantic, gorgeous In the first example, each word contains both a hard c and a soft c. In the second example, the first word, bicycle, first uses a soft c and then a hard c, but the second word, vacancy, first uses a hard c and then a soft c. The third example uses a hard and soft c, respectively, in gauge and gorgeous, while the second and third words—geography and gigantic—use a soft g followed by a hard g. When a hard pronunciation is needed, but the letter following the c  or g would make it soft, add h after c (as in architect) or u after g (as in guest). Alternatively, the following letter is doubled to achieve a hard pronunciation, as in outrigger. When an e follows g at the end of a word, a hard g becomes a soft one, as in: Sag sageRag rage Exceptions Nothing is easy when it comes to the hard and soft g and c, and, of course,  there are some exceptions to the previously discussed rules. These mostly involve giving hard pronunciation to words where the rule indicates a soft sound would normally be used. These exceptions include: Gear, get, gelding, give, girl, gift, tiger, celt Additionally,  present participles of some verbs that end with g, such as banging and ringing, use hard gs where the rules would normally indicate a soft g. Other exceptions are foreign words that have been adopted into the English language, such as gestalt and geisha.